Introduction to Programming Languages ________________________________________________________________________ P rogramming languages are formal languages comprising a set of instructions that produce various kinds of output. They are used in computer programming to implement algorithms and control the behavior of machines. Language Generation Programming languages have evolved through several generations: First Generation (1GL) : Machine language, the most basic level of programming languages, consisting of binary code. Second Generation (2GL) : Assembly language, a low-level language with a strong correspondence to the machine language instructions. Third Generation (3GL) : High-level languages like C, C++, Java, Python, which are more abstract and easier for humans to understand. Fourth Generation (4GL) : Languages closer to human language, often used for database querying and report generation (e.g., ...
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