Programmimng by AJAY WADEKAR

  Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++ Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses objects and classes to organize software design. It allows for modelling real-world entities and relationships in a program. C++ is an object-oriented programming language that provides features to implement OOP concepts effectively. Key Concepts of OOP   Class and Object o    Class : A blueprint for creating objects. It defines properties and behaviours of objects.   class Car { public:     string brand;     string model;     int year; };   o    Object : An instance of a class.   Car car1; car1.brand = "Mahindra"; car1.model = "THAR"; car1.year = 2024;   Encapsulation o    Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit, or class. It restricts direct access to some of an object's components.   class Car { private:     string

  Introduction to Programming Languages ________________________________________________________________________ P rogramming languages are formal languages comprising a set of instructions that produce various kinds of output. They are used in computer programming to implement algorithms and control the behavior of machines. Language Generation Programming languages have evolved through several generations: First Generation (1GL) : Machine language, the most basic level of programming languages, consisting of binary code. Second Generation (2GL) : Assembly language, a low-level language with a strong correspondence to the machine language instructions. Third Generation (3GL) : High-level languages like C, C++, Java, Python, which are more abstract and easier for humans to understand. Fourth Generation (4GL) : Languages closer to human language, often used for database querying and report generation (e.g., SQL)